The U.S. Federal Reserve has two main goals: keeping prices stable and supporting jobs. For the past few years, it focused on fighting inflation by raising interest rates, making borrowing expensive to slow price growth. Now, inflation has eased, but unemployment is creeping up. Fed Chair Jerome Powell has signaled a shift — putting more weight on protecting jobs. This means lower interest rates may follow, making loans cheaper and encouraging businesses to hire, though it also carries the risk of inflation rising again. In short, the Fed is moving from “fighting high prices” to “protecting employment,” a change that affects workers, families, and even economies worldwide.